R33

R33
Overview
Production	1993–1998 217,133 units sold
Assembly	Musashimurayama, Japan
Designer	Kozo Watanabe (1991)
Body and chassis
Body style	4-door sedan 2-door coupe
Layout	Front engine, rear-wheel drive / four-wheel drive
Related	Nissan Laurel Nissan Stagea
Powertrain
Engine	2.0 L RB20E I6 (GTS) 2.5 L RB25DE I6 (GTS-25, GTS-4) 2.5 L RB25DET Turbocharged I6 (GTS-25T, GTS-T) 2.6 L RB26DETT I6 Twin Turbocharged (GT-R) 2.8 L RBX-GT2 I6 Twin Turbocharged (400R)
Transmission	4-speed automatic 5-speed manual 5-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,720 mm (107.1 in)
Length	4,720 mm (185.8 in) (sedan)
Width	1,720 mm (67.7 in)
Height	1,360 mm (53.5 in) (sedan)
Curb weight	1,390 kg (3,064.4 lb) (GTS-25t) 1,530 kg (3,373.1 lb) (GT-R)

1993–1996 Nissan Skyline (R33) GTS25t coupe

The R33 Skyline was introduced in August 1993. Slightly heavier than the R32, it is available in coupe and sedan bodystyles. The R33 was the safest of the models with a rating of 3.8 out of 5. 5 way airbag system and internal crash bars made this vehicle a lot more safer than previous models. All models now used a 6-cylinder engine. Nissan took the unusual step of down-grading the GTS model to have only the RB20E, while the twin-cam of the R32 GTS was discontinued along with the 2.0 L turbo RB20DET.
Some models came equipped with a new version of the HICAS 4-wheel steering system called Super HICAS. This computer controlled system was first used on the R32 GT-R. Super HICAS used electric actuators to steer the rear, as opposed to the hydraulic HICAS. This generation was no longer considered a "compact" under Japanese legislation that determined the amount of tax liability based on exterior dimensions.
As an option, an active limited slip differential was available instead of the standard viscous LSD. This new unit locked the rear differential if it detected that traction was lost by one of the wheels. A light on the dash also lit up if the LSD engaged. Active LSD came standard on all V-Spec R33 GT-R Skylines and was also available on some ECR33 GTS-25t models; these can be identified by the A-LSD and SLIP lights on the tachometer.
The RB25DE and RB25DET engines also became equipped with NVCS (variable inlet cam phasing). NVCS equipped RBs have a bulge on the front of the cam cover. To celebrate their 40th anniversary, Nissan introduced a very rare 4-door GT-R. Two versions of the 4-door GT-R were available from Nissan's subsidiaries: the first was produced by Autech, and the second was a joint Autech/Nismo project.
A Nissan Laurel C34 based wagon was released in September 1996, called the Stagea. It is widely regarded as a compatriot of the Skyline, rather than the Laurel it was based on, owing to drivetrain configurations—Commonly AWD using ATTESA ET-S. A common modification on the Stagea is to fit it with an R34 skyline front, in effect making an R34-lookalike wagon. A manual transmission was only available on the RS-Four and RS-Four V models. There was also an Autech tuned Stagea, the 260RS; released with full GT-R running gear, including an RB26DETT engine and manual transmission, a unique body kit, 17" BBS style alloys, and GT-R instrumentation.^[34]
Models:

• HR33 GTS – 2.0 L RB20E SOHC I6, 130 PS (96 kW, 172 N m)
• ER33 GTS-25 – 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6, 190 PS (140 kW, 231 N m)
• ENR33 GTS-4 – 2.5 L RB25DE DOHC I6, 190 PS (140 kW, 231 N m) 4WD
• ECR33 GTS-25t (GTS-t) – 2.5 L RB25DET DOHC turbo I6, 250 PS (184 kW, 294 N m)
• ECR33 P.Ride 280 Type MR – 2.8L RB28DETT DOHC turbo I6, 300 PS

1996

R33 GTST series 2 with a R33 GT-R Bumper and East Bear carbon fibre bonnet

The R33 Skyline (Series 2) continued the concepts introduced in the R32. Driver and Passenger airbags became standard in 1996. As a result, pre-1996 models are barred from being imported into various countries for consumer road use as they do not meet the frontal impact standards. (However, in the U.S., there are Federal Laws regarding safety and emissions that require certain documents to be obtained, certain criteria to be met and adhered to, or 25 years to pass, before the sale of this vehicle becomes legal.^{[citation needed]}) For the RB25DET engine the ignition system was also changed, with the ignition module no longer located on the cam covers and was instead replaced by smart ignition coils (Ignitor built into coil) and ECU. The RB25DET (turbo) was also given a Ceramic compressor wheel. Throughout the time the R33 was produced there were quite a number of different styled lights and bodykits fitted, the actual body/chassis underwent no changes. Among the cosmetic changes in the series 2 were, the headlights which tapered down more towards the grill and were fitted with improved reflectors, the grill (which was longer on the Series 1), the bonnet which had a re-shaped leading edge to fit the new lights and front bumper changing shape in the smallest amount to match the lower edge of the new headlights. Later models of the Series 2 also had the option of having an Active-LSD fitted. The R33 ceased production in February 1998 with the 40th Anniversary R33.

GT-R

1993–1996 Nissan Skyline (R33) GTS (base model). Known because of the 4 stud hubs

R33 Skyline interior

The BCNR33 GT-R version also had the same RB26DETT engine that the BNR32 was equipped with, although torque had been improved, due to changes in the turbo compressor aerodynamics, turbo dump pipe, and intercooler. The turbo core changed from a sleeve bearing to a ball bearing, but the turbine itself remained ceramic, except on N1 turbos (steel turbine, sleeve bearing). From the R33 onward, all GT-Rs received Brembo brakes.^[35] In 1995 the GT-R received an improved version of the RB26DETT, the ATTESA-ETS four-wheel-drive system, and Super HICAS 4-wheel steering.
A limited edition model was created in 1996, called the NISMO 400R, that produced 400 hp (298 kW) from a road-tuned version of Nissan's Le Mans engine.^[36] A stronger six-speed Getrag gearbox was used.
An R33 GT-R driven by Dirk Schoysman lapped the Nordschleife in less than 8 minutes. Though it was often said to be the first production car to break 8 minutes, the limited run Jaguar XJ220 had already achieved a 7'46" lap.^[37] Other manufacturers had caught up since the R32 was released, and the R33 never dominated motorsport to the extent of the R32.
Models:

• GT-R – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 305 PS (224 kW, 375 N m) (advertised as 280 PS) 4WD
• GT-R LM – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 305 PS (224 kW) FR
• NISMO 400R – 2.8 L RBX-GT2 DOHC twin-turbo I6, 400 PS (294 kW, 478 N m) 4WD
• 4Dr.GT-R Autech Version – 2.6 L RB26DETT DOHC twin-turbo I6, 305 PS (224 kW, 375 N m) (advertised as 280 PS) 4WD - only 447 made^[25]

Nissan Skyline R34 GTR

Fifth generation (1999–2002)

Fifth generation (R34)
Overview
Production	January 1999 – 2002
Designer	Kozo Watanabe
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door coupe
Layout	Front engine, all-wheel drive
Powertrain
Engine	2.6 L RB26DETT twin-turbo I6
Transmission	6-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,665 mm (104.9 in)[25]
Length	4,600 mm (181.1 in)[25]
Width	1,785 mm (70.3 in)[25]
Height	1,360 mm (53.5 in)[25]
Curb weight	1,536 kg (3,386.3 lb)

The GF-BNR34 (R34) Skyline GT-R and GT-R V·spec models were released in January 1999. The R34 GT-R was also shorter (from front to rear), and the front overhang reduced. The valve covers were painted glossy red (color code Cherry Red Effect Z24 or X1020), as opposed to black in previous models.

Nissan Skyline GT-R used in 2 Fast 2 Furious.

A new feature on the R34 GT-R is a 5.8" LCD multifunction display on the center of the dashboard, which shows seven different live readings of engine and vehicle statistics such as turbocharger pressure (1.2 bar max), oil and water temperature, among others. The GT-R V·spec model added two extra features to the display: intake and exhaust gas temperatures. Nismo Multi-function Displays (MFD) can be bought at an extra cost, they include a lap timer, G-Force meter and an increase in boost pressure measurement to 2 bar. The R34 GT-R was made shorter in response to customer concerns who thought the R33 was too bulky.
Like the R33, the new R34 GT-R V·spec (Victory Specification) models come equipped with the ATTESA E-TS Pro system and an Active LSD at the rear, while standard GT-R models come with the non-Pro system and a conventional mechanical differential. The V.spec model also had firmer suspension and lower ground clearance, thanks to front and side splitters, as well as a rear carbon fiber air diffuser, designed to keep air flowing smoothly under the car.
Another special model of the R34 GT-R is the M·spec. It was similar to the V.spec, but had special "Ripple control" dampers, revised suspension set up, stiffer rear sway bar and a leather interior with heated front seats. The 'M' on the M·Spec stood for Mizuno who is the chief engineer of Nissan.
At the time of the R34's release, like the R32 and R33, Nissan released an R34 N1 model. The R34 GT-R N1 was equipped similar to the R32 and R33 N1 models – a homologation special. It was sold without air conditioning, audio equipment, rear wiper, or trunk lining, but ABS remained. The new R34 N1 was also given the new R34 N1 engine. Only 45 R34 V.spec N1 models were produced from the factory, 12 of which Nismo used for Super Taikyu racing. The rest were sold to various customers, mostly racing teams and tuning garages.
The V·spec version was also imported into the UK with a number of modifications carried out on the car. These included 3 additional oil coolers, revised ECU map, full Connolly leather interior, underbody diffusers, stiffer suspension, active rear limited slip differential, extra display feature on the in car display.

Rear view of an R34 GT-R Nür

In October 2000, Nissan released the V·spec II, replacing the V·spec. The V·spec II has increased stiffness in the suspension (even stiffer than the original V·spec) and had larger rear brake rotors. It also comes equipped with a carbon fiber hood equipped with a NACA duct, which is lighter than the aluminum that all other GT-R hoods are made from. Also different on the V·spec II was an iridium center console and aluminum pedals. The seats were upholstered with black cloth rather than the gray cloth used on previous R34 GT-R models, and the amber turn lenses were replaced with white versions. With the exception of the carbon fiber bonnet, the standard trim level GT-R also received these updates.

Skyline R34 police vehicle in Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

In February 2002 Nissan released a final production model of the R34 GT-R called the Skyline GT-R V·spec II Nür^[26] and the Skyline GT-R M·spec Nür. The Nür was named after the famous German Nürburgring racetrack, where the Skyline was developed. In total 1000 R34 GT-R Nür(s) were made, 750 were V·spec II Nürs' and 250 were M·Spec Nürs'. The Nür model featured an improved RB26DETT based on the N1 racing engine. The standard turbochargers were upgraded to larger versions with a slight increase in boost and the ceramic blades were replaced with steel versions. This has increased lag, but to compensate the turbo's durability was improved while being able to handle a bigger boost increase. This allowed tuners to increase the boost safely with standard turbos up to 340 kW (450 hp) at the crank. The V.spec II Nür is based on the regular V·spec II model, and the M·spec Nür was based on the regular M·spec model. Other than the addition of the Nür engine, the Nür models also included a different color of stitching on the interior trim, as well as a speedometer reading up to 300 km/h (186 mph), and gold valve covers instead of red. Due to Japanese car industry norms at the time, the car was advertised as having 206 kW (276 hp) but it actually had over 246 kW (330 hp) when it left the factory.

Production figures

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• Standard Cars = 3,965
• V·Spec = 1,308
• V·Spec UK = 80
• V·Spec N1 = 45
• V·Spec II = 5,512
• V·Spec II Nür = 750^[26]
• V·Spec II N1 = 18
• M·Spec = 228^[27]
• M·Spec Nür = 250
• V-Spec II NISMO Z-tune 2 = 19
• Total = 12,175

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